Raws li National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), American Diabetes Association (ADA), thiab CDC, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag siab txog qib lipid thiab qabzib yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txo nqi kho mob thiab kev tuag los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.[1-3]
Dyslipidemia txhais tau tias yog qhov nce ntawm cov ntshav plasmacholesterol lossis triglycerides (TG), los yog ob qho tib si, los yog qishigh-density lipoprotein (HDL)qib uas pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm atherosclerosis.Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm dyslipidemia tuaj yeem suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob uas ua rau muaj kev tsim tawm ntau dhau lossis tsis raug tshem tawm ntawm TG thiabTsawg-density lipoprotein (LDL)Cov roj (cholesterol) los yog nyob rau hauv underproduction los yog ntau heev clearance ntawm HDL.Qhov thib ob ua rau dyslipidemia suav nrog kev ua neej nyob tsis tu ncua nrog kev noj zaub mov ntau dhau ntawm cov roj saturated thiab roj cholesterol.[4]
Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho lipid pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsiaj cov ntaub so ntswg, ntshav, kua tsib, thiab tsiaj rog uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cell membrane tsim thiab muaj nuj nqi, hormonal synthesis, thiab fat-soluble vitamin ntau lawm.Cov roj (cholesterol) mus los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lipoproteins.5 LDLs xa cov roj (cholesterol) mus rau cov hlwb, qhov twg nws yog siv rau hauv daim nyias nyias los yog rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones steroid.6 LDL qib siab ua rau muaj cov roj cholesterol hauv cov hlab ntsha.[5]Hloov pauv, HDL khaws cov roj cholesterol ntau dhau los ntawm cov hlwb thiab coj nws rov qab mus rau lub siab.[6]Cov roj (cholesterol) siab hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm yam tshuaj, ua rau muaj cov quav hniav.TG yog esters muab tau los ntawm glycerol thiab peb-fatty acids feem ntau khaws cia hauv cov rog rog.Cov tshuaj hormones tso tawm TG rau lub zog ntawm cov zaub mov.TG tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab suav tias yog lub cim ntawm cov kab mob metabolic;Yog li, kev tshuaj xyuas lipid yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias tsis muaj kev tswj hwm dyslipidemia tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob plawv.
Dyslipidemia yog kuaj tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj loogKev kuaj lipid profile.1Qhov kev ntsuas no ntsuas tag nrho cov roj cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, TG, thiab suav LDL cholesterol.
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib hom kab mob ntev uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev siv cov tshuaj insulin thiab glucagon.Glucagon yog secreted los ntawm cov lus teb rau cov piam thaj tsawg, ua rau glycogenolysis.Insulin yog secreted nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau kev noj zaub mov, ua rau cov hlwb coj cov piam thaj los ntawm cov ntshav thiab hloov mus rau glycogen rau khaws cia.[8]Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv glucagon lossis insulin tuaj yeem ua rau hyperglycemia.Ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag, lub raum, cov hlab ntsha, lub plawv, thiab cov hlab ntsha puas.Muaj ntau qhov kev sim siv los kuaj mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.Qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no suav nrog cov ntshav qabzib random thiab kuaj ntshav ntshav qabzib sai.[9]
Kab mob sib kis
Raws li CDC, 71 lab Asmeskas cov neeg laus (33.5%) muaj dyslipidemia.Tsuas yog 1 ntawm 3 tus neeg uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab tau tswj tau.Qhov nruab nrab tag nrho cov roj cholesterol ntawm cov neeg laus neeg Asmeskas yog 200 mg / dL.11 Lub CDC kwv yees tias 29.1 lab tus neeg Asmeskas (9.3%) muaj ntshav qab zib, nrog 21 lab kuaj mob thiab 8.1 lab (27.8%) tsis kuaj pom.[2]
Hyperlipidemiayog ib qho "mob ntawm kev nplua nuj" nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub no.Hauv 20 xyoo dhau los, nws tau txhim kho mus rau qhov xwm txheej thoob ntiaj teb.Raws li WHO, Txij li thaum xyoo pua 21st, qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2.6 lab tus tib neeg tau tuag los ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab cerebrovascular (xws li mob myocardial infarction thiab mob stroke) tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm ntev hyperlipidemia txhua xyoo.Feem ntau ntawm hyperlipidemia hauv cov neeg laus nyob sab Europe yog 54%, thiab txog 130 lab European cov neeg laus muaj hyperlipidemia.Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hyperlipidemia hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog qhov hnyav sib npaug tab sis qis dua me ntsis hauv Tebchaws Europe.Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias 50 feem pua ntawm cov txiv neej thiab 48 feem pua ntawm cov poj niam hauv Tebchaws Meskas muaj hyperlipidemia.Cov neeg mob hyperlipidemia yog nquag mus rau cerebral apoplexy;Thiab yog tias cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov muag ntawm tib neeg lub cev raug thaiv, nws yuav ua rau tsis pom kev, lossis txawm tias qhov muag tsis pom;Yog tias nws tshwm sim hauv lub raum, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub raum arteriosclerosis, cuam tshuam rau lub raum ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.Yog hais tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qis extremities, necrosis thiab ulcers yuav tshwm sim.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav lipids kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kub siab, gallstones, pancreatitis thiab senile dementia.
REFERENCES
1. Daim Ntawv Qhia Thib Peb ntawm National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Cov Kws Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij, Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Kho Mob Ntshav Qab Zib Cov Roj Cholesterol hauv Cov Neeg Laus (Cov Neeg Laus Kev Kho Mob III) kawg.Kev ncig.2002; 106: 3143-3421.
2. CDC.2014 National Diabetes Statistics Report.Lub Kaum Hli 14, 2014. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014statisticsreport.html.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 20, 2014.
3. CDC, Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention.Daim ntawv qhia txog cov roj (cholesterol).www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_cholesterol.htm.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 20, 2014.
4. Goldberg A. Dyslipidemia.Merck phau ntawv Professional Version.www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine_and_metabolic_disorders/lipid_disorders/dyslipidemia.html.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 6, 2014.
5. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.Tshawb nrhiav cov roj (cholesterol) siab.https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc/.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 6, 2014.
6. University of Washington cov chav kawm web server.Cov roj cholesterol, lipoproteins thiab lub siab.http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/cholesterol/liver.html.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 10, 2014.
7. Mayo Clinic.Cov roj (cholesterol) siab.www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/in-depth/triglycerides/art-20048186.Nkag mus rau lub Rau Hli 10, 2014.
8. Diabetes.co.uk.Glucagon.www.diabetes.co.uk/body/glucagon.html.Nkag mus rau Lub Xya Hli 15, 2014.
9. Mayo Clinic.Mob ntshav qab zib.www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20033091.Nkag mus rau Lub Rau Hli 20, 2014.
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-17-2022