Ntshav qab zib, thiab koj lub cev

1. ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi?
Ntshav qab zib, tseem hu ua ntshav qab zib, yog cov piam thaj hauv koj cov ntshav.Cov piam thaj no los ntawm qhov koj noj thiab haus thiab lub cev kuj tso cov piam thaj los ntawm koj lub siab thiab cov leeg.

2. Ntshav qab zib
Glycemia, tseem hu ua ntshav qab zib,ntshav qab zib concentration, lossis ntshav qabzib qib yog ntsuas cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntawm tib neeg lossis lwm yam tsiaj.Kwv yees li 4 grams qabzib, cov suab thaj yooj yim, muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav ntawm 70 kg (154 lb) tib neeg txhua lub sijhawm.Lub cev nruj tswj hwm cov ntshav qabzib raws li ib feem ntawm metabolic homeostasis.Glucose khaws cia rau hauv cov nqaij pob txha thiab daim siab hlwb hauv daim ntawv ntawm glycogen;Hauv cov tib neeg yoo mov, cov ntshav qabzib tau khaws cia nyob rau theem tas li ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khw muag khoom glycogen hauv daim siab thiab cov leeg pob txha.
Hauv tib neeg, ntshav qabzib qib ntawm 4 grams, lossis txog ib lub teaspoon, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm nyob hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab tib neeg lub hlwb noj kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov ntshav qabzib hauv kev yoo mov, cov neeg nyob ib leeg.Kev nce siab hauv cov ntshav qabzib tsis tu ncua ua rau cov piam thaj toxicity, uas ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm tes thiab cov kab mob ua ke ua ke ua rau muaj teeb meem ntshav qab zib.Glucose tuaj yeem thauj los ntawm cov hnyuv lossis daim siab mus rau lwm cov ntaub so ntswg hauv lub cev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha.Cellular glucose uptake feem ntau yog tswj los ntawm insulin, ib yam tshuaj uas tsim tawm hauv cov txiav.
Cov piam thaj feem ntau yog qis tshaj thaum sawv ntxov, ua ntej noj mov thawj hnub, thiab nce tom qab noj mov rau ib teev lossis ob los ntawm ob peb millimoles.Cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau sab nraud ntawm qhov ib txwm muaj yuav yog qhov qhia txog kev mob nkeeg.Ib qib siab tsis tu ncua yog hu ua hyperglycemia;qib qis yog hu uahypoglycemia.Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev pheej hmoo hyperglycemia los ntawm ib qho ntawm ntau qhov laj thawj, thiab nws yog cov kab mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj ntshav qab zib tsis ua haujlwm.

3.Cov ntshav qab zib hauv kev kuaj ntshav qab zib
Kev nkag siab txog qib ntshav qabzib tuaj yeem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj tus kheej ntawm ntshav qab zib.
Nplooj ntawv no hais txog 'ib txwm' cov ntshav qab zib ntau thiab cov ntshav qab zib ntau rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1, ntshav qab zib hom 2 thiab ntshav qab zib ntau los txiav txim siab cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Yog tias tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj lub ntsuas ntsuas, ntsuas cov strips thiab kuaj, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub seb cov ntshav qabzib txhais li cas.
Cov ntshav qabzib tau pom zoo muaj qib kev txhais lus rau txhua tus neeg thiab koj yuav tsum tham txog qhov no nrog koj pab neeg kho mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov poj niam yuav tau teem lub hom phiaj ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub.
Cov kab hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia los ntawm National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) tab sis txhua tus neeg lub hom phiaj yuav tsum tau pom zoo los ntawm lawv tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob ntshav qab zib.

4.Nco thiab mob ntshav qab zib ntau ntau
Rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv, cov ntshav qab zib ib txwm muaj raws li hauv qab no:
4.0 txog 5.4 mmol / L (72 txog 99 mg / dL) thaum yoo mov [361]
Txog li 7.8 mmol / L (140 mg / dL) 2 teev tom qab noj mov
Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov ntshav qab zib cov hom phiaj yog raws li hauv qab no:
Ua ntej noj mov: 4 mus rau 7 mmol / L rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis hom 2
Tom qab noj mov: qis dua 9 mmol / L rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qis dua 8.5 mmol / L rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2

5.Txoj kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib
Random plasma glucose test
Kev kuaj ntshav rau kev kuaj ntshav plasma ntshav qabzib tuaj yeem nqa tau txhua lub sijhawm.Qhov no tsis xav tau ntau npaum li kev npaj thiab yog li siv rau hauv kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thaum lub sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Fasting plasma glucose test
Kev kuaj ntshav ntshav qabzib yoo mov yog noj tom qab tsawg kawg yim teev ntawm kev yoo mov thiab yog li feem ntau noj thaum sawv ntxov.
NICE cov lus qhia hais txog kev yoo ntshav ntshav qabzib ntawm 5.5 txog 6.9 mmol / L raws li ua rau ib tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua los ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nrog lwm yam kev pheej hmoo rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib.
Qhov ncauj Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Kev kuaj ntshav qabzib hauv qhov ncauj yog thawj zaug noj cov ntshav yoo mov thiab tom qab ntawd noj cov dej qab zib uas muaj 75g qabzib.
Tom qab haus cov dej no koj yuav tsum nyob twj ywm kom txog thaum cov ntshav ntxiv tom qab 2 teev.
Kev kuaj HbA1c rau kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib
Kev kuaj HbA1c tsis ncaj qha ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib, txawm li cas los xij, qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ntsuas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov siab lossis qis koj cov ntshav qabzib tau zoo li nyob rau lub sijhawm 2 txog 3 lub hlis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib mellitus lossis prediabetes yog muab raws li hauv qab no:
Nquag: qis dua 42 mmol / mol (6.0%)
Ntshav Qab Zib: 42-47 mmol / mol (6.0 txog 6.4%)
Ntshav Qab Zib: 48 mmol / mol (6.5% lossis ntau dua)