Txij li thawj kis tus kabmob coronavirus, thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2019, tus kabmob kis tau kis mus rau ntau lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb.Qhov kev kis thoob ntiaj teb no ntawm qhov tshiabSARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2)yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab hais txog kev noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, ua rau muaj kev hem thawj loj rau lub ntiaj teb thiab cuam tshuam rau txhua yam ntawm tib neeg lub neej.[1]
Cov kab mob Coronaviruses tau ntim, zoo-sensitive, ib leeg-stranded RNA kab mob nyob rau hauv tsev neeg Coronaviridae, uas muaj ib tug dav spectrum ntawm hosts xws li tib neeg, puav, ntxhuav, thiab avian hom, nrog rau cov tsiaj nyeg thiab cov tsiaj txhu, ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau pej xeem noj qab haus huv. 1 Tus mob Coronaviruses tau muab cais rau hauv cov tsev neeg ntawm Orthocoronavirinae, uas tau muab faib ua plaub hom, raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov protein ntau: a-coronavirus, b-coronavirus, g-coronavirus, thiab d-coronavirus.Cov kab mob a-coronaviruses thiab b-coronaviruses tsuas kis tau tsiaj rau tsiaj, qhov g-coronaviruses thiab d-coronaviruses feem ntau kis tau noog, txawm tias qee tus ntawm lawv tuaj yeem kis tau tsiaj rau tsiaj.HCoV-229E,
oV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARSCoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 is the seven coronaviruses that have been identified to infect humans.Ntawm lawv, SARSCoV thiab MERS-CoV, uas tau tshwm sim hauv tib neeg hauv xyoo 2002 thiab 2012, yog cov kab mob loj heev.Whereas human coronavirus (HCoV)-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, or HCoV-HKU1 strains circulating in the human population makes only common cold,7 heavy acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the causal agent of COVID-19, yog tus kab mob b-coronavirus tshiab, uas tshwm sim thaum ntxov thaum kawg ntawm 2019 thiab tau ua rau muaj kev tuag loj heev.Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawmCOVID 19zoo ib yam li cov SARS-CoV thiab MERS-CoV: kub taub hau, nkees, hnoos qhuav, mob hauv siab, qee zaum raws plab, thiab ua tsis taus pa.Tsis zoo li yav dhau losCoV (CoV)., kev tshaj tawm thoob ntiaj teb ceev ceev, tus nqi sib kis tau ntev, lub sij hawm incubation ntev dua, ntau cov kab mob asymptomatic, thiab kab mob hnyav ntawm SARS-CoV-2 xav tau kev paub tob txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob.
Ib yam li lwm tus neeg mob coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV), SARSCoV-2 kuj muaj ib leeg-stranded, zoo-sensitive RNA genome ntawm ib ncig ntawm 30 kb loj.Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1, tus kab mob nucleocapsid (N) cov proteins ntim cov genome mus rau hauv ib qho loj ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, uas yog ces enveloped los ntawm lipids thiab viral proteins S (spike), M (membrane), thiab E (lub hnab ntawv).Lub 50 kawg ntawm lub genome muaj ob qhov loj qhib kev nyeem ntawv (ORFs), ORF1a thiab ORF1b, encoding polypeptides pp1a thiab pp1b, uas yog tsim rau hauv 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) uas muaj feem xyuam rau txhua yam ntawm tus kab mob replication los ntawm viral proteases NSP3 thiab NSP5 uas harbor. ib tug papain-zoo li protease domain thiab ib tug 3C-zoo li protease domain, ntsig txog.9 Lub 30 kawg ntawm lub genome encodes structural proteins thiab cov accessory proteins, ntawm uas ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, thiab ORF7b tau raug pov thawj tias yog cov kab mob ntawm cov proteins koom nrog. hauv kev tsim cov kab mob sib kis thiab ORF3b thiab ORF6 ua haujlwm ua interferon antagonists.Raws li cov lus piav qhia tam sim no raws li qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob b-coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 suav nrog kev kwv yees ntawm rau 6 cov khoom siv protein (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, thiab 10).Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog tag nrho cov ORFs no tau raug sim ua pov thawj tsis tau, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab txuas ntxiv ntawm SARS-CoV-2 tseem yog qhov sib cav.Yog li ntawd, nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias cov noob caj noob ces tau hais tawm los ntawm cov genome compact no .[2]
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb los txheeb xyuas thiab tswj cov neeg mob COVID-19 nrog rau kev siv cov kev tswj xyuas kom txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib kis.Point-of-care (POC) cov kev ntsuam xyuas molecular muaj peev xwm tso cai rau kev tshawb pom ua ntej thiab 2 kev cais tawm ntawm cov neeg mob SARS-CoV-2, piv rau kev kuaj mob raws li kev kuaj mob, yog li txo qis kev sib kis ntawm tsev neeg thiab hauv zej zog.
[1] Kev kho mob thiab kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw kho mob sai sai SARS-CoV-2 nrhiav pom hauv chav haujlwm xwm txheej ceev
[2] Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tus tswv tsev thiab SARS-CoV-2: Innate immunity thiab viral evasion strategies
Post lub sij hawm: May-25-2022